Spark has announced that it closed the first quarter of 2026 in profit, reporting gross protocol returns of $31.5 million and a treasury of $46.1 million.
The protocol shared the numbers from its Q1 2026 financial report, and so far, the second quarter has been going well for Spark after it emerged as the unlikely beneficiary of the worst crisis to hit its largest competitor in years.
Aave, the dominant force in decentralized lending, suffered a severe blow on April 18 when attackers exploited a vulnerability in Kelp DAO’s LayerZero V2 cross-chain bridge. The attackers minted approximately 116,500 unbacked rsETH tokens worth around $293 million and used them as collateral to drain real wrapped Ether from Aave’s pools.
The attack led to a loss that is estimated to be between $124 million and $230 million in bad debt and set off a flight of more than $15 billion in deposits from the protocol in the days that followed.
So far, the DeFi ecosystem has rallied to Aave’s aid with a multi-party recovery initiative dubbed DeFi United. The initiative has since drawn contributions from across the ecosystem and raised over $304 million toward restoring rsETH’s backing.
How did Spark turn a rival’s crisis into a moment of validation?
Spark made a governance decision on January 29 to halt all new rsETH supply, citing low and heavily concentrated utilization. This was about the same period that Aave launched its rsETH E-Mode with a loan-to-value ratio of 93%.
Spark was criticized at that time for that decision, with users of $ETH circular leverage strategies accusing the protocol of being overly conservative and abandoning growth.
However, when Aave suffered an exploit three months later, Spark recorded zero direct losses. Its SparkLend TVL went up from $1.88 billion to over $3.4 billion as capital moved away from Aave to its platform from users seeking a safer harbor.
Spark’s SPK token has gone up by 33% since April 18, trading around $0.036.
The protocol announced on April 23 on X that its $USDT Savings Vault had crossed $1 billion in total value locked (TVL) in just roughly seven months after launch.
Can Aave engineer the kind of comeback that Bybit managed last year?
The DeFi United initiative has drawn comparisons to Bybit’s recovery from a $1.4 billion theft by North Korea’s Lazarus Group in February 2025.
Bybit restored its reserves within 72 hours through partner support and processed over 350,000 withdrawal requests in the first 12 hours.
However, Aave’s situation is a bit different and more complex. DeFi United is not a bilateral backstop arrangement between a platform and its partners. It is a decentralized, multi-DAO coalition attempting to coordinate collateral restoration across multiple networks, pending governance votes and third-party technical actions by the likes of KelpDAO and the Arbitrum Security Council.
Key commitments include 25,000 $ETH from the Aave DAO, 30,000 $ETH from Mantle, and 30,765 $ETH released by the Arbitrum DAO.
Stani Kulechov, Aave’s founder, personally pledged 5,000 $ETH. The Solana Foundation’s president, Lily Liu, said her organization is lending $USDT to Aave for the first time, citing cross-network DeFi stability as the motivation.
Circle also announced that it was purchasing AAVE tokens, framing the investment as a backing of the ecosystem and the community built around it. Consensys and Ethereum co-founder Joseph Lubin joined DeFi United with up to 30,000 $ETH in financial support.
