The Government of India is taking blockchain technology into some of the country’s most critical systems, including land records, supply chains, and digital commerce. The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology has positioned blockchain not as a side project but as part of the core digital infrastructure, supported by the National Blockchain Framework and the Vishvasya-Blockchain Technology Stack. Few countries have attempted this level of adoption, and India’s approach signals long-term intent.
National Blockchain Framework and Vishvasya Tech Stack
On the blockchain front, the National Blockchain Framework, launched last year, is now supported by the Vishvasya-Blockchain Technology Stack, essentially a blockchain-as-a-service platform running across multiple government data centers. This provides the technical backbone for projects already underway in states like Assam, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka. The same strategy is being extended to areas like supply chains. In such states, transparency in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and food distribution is crucial for public trust and compliance
Digital Identity Growth through Blockchain
The link to digital commerce is equally important as India’s online retail market heads toward $350 billion by 2030. The digital identity layer is expanding just as quickly. Aadhaar Face Authentication has crossed 200 crore transactions. It has since doubled in less than six months, which shows how fast adoption is growing. This kind of instant, contactless verification underpins everything from welfare access to digital banking.
AI, Semiconductors and Payments
Other developments are being reinforced under the blockchain framework. The IndiaAI program has launched a cancer innovation fund to back AI tools in early detection and care management. Four new semiconductor plants have been approved, which adds to the push for domestic chip capacity. Digital payments have now reached every post office counter, BharatNet is extending fiber to the last uncovered villages, and the BHASHINI platform has scaled up to cover more than 35 Indian languages with AI-driven voice services.
Blockchain Market Projections
These moves are tied together by training and capacity building. MeitY has partnered with institutions like IIM Ahmedabad for programs on digital transformation, and UIDAI has signed a long-term R&D deal with ISI to strengthen digital identity technologies. Even in niche areas like maritime services, new digital platforms have been introduced to modernize governance.
The digital economy already makes up 11.74% of India’s GDP, or more than ₹31 lakh crore, and is expected to reach 20% by 2030. UPI alone processed nearly 1,900 crore transactions worth close to ₹25 lakh crore in April 2025. The blockchain framework itself is projected to reach $4.3 billion by 2025. It is growing at over 47% annually, driven by both government projects and private adoption.
Blockchain technology is being positioned not jas a tool for record-keeping. It is also used as part of the country’s broader digital infrastructure, alongside identity, payments, and connectivity. Supply chains and digital commerce will be early test cases. There, its ability to improve transparency, reduce fraud, and build trust can be measured in real outcomes. They will be paired with investments in AI, semiconductors. India is building the pieces of a digital system that is meant to be both secure and inclusive.
